Confucianism

Model inspired by Park Chung-hee's regime, combining state-led industrialization, credit for private firms, and planning with anti-communist political repression.

Administrative doctrine of enlightened absolutism that organized the state through a disciplined bureaucracy and centralized finances, promoting industry, population, and revenue as sources of the monarch's power.

Current that mobilizes the people against political and cultural elites, combining nationalism, immigration restriction, traditional values, public religion, strong security, and anti-establishment economic pragmatism around personalist leaders.

Doctrine of rule by the best, which entrusts power to a minority qualified by virtue, education or birth, rejecting political equality and majority rule, which it sees as a risk to competence.

Plato's political philosophy, entrusting the city's government to a philosophical elite formed by virtue and knowledge, with strong control over education, property and customs in the name of justice and social harmony.

Socrates' dialectical method, examining beliefs through rational questioning and the pursuit of virtue, distrustful of mass politics and the rhetoric of demagogues, yet respectful of the city's rule of law.